ABSTRACT
Abstract Introduction Threats to mental health and psychological well-being have been considered among the most challenging dimensions to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective To track the occurrence of significant anxiety and depression symptoms and the level of worry among residents in Brazil in June 2020. Method The final sample totaled 4,805 participants from all Brazilian states. A sociodemographic and health questionnaire (with questions related to COVID-19), the translated versions of the Meta-Worry Questionnaire, and the 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) were used. Inferential analyses were computed using the Multinomial Logistic Regression (backward stepwise) in which the PHQ-4 findings were stratified into four categories: no symptoms, only anxiety symptoms, only depression symptoms, and both symptoms. Results Research findings have shown that there are characteristics that predict greater exposure to significant symptoms of anxiety and depression (gender, age, and level of worry), with level of worry being the variable with the greatest impact on the model. Discussion and conclusion These data found during the COVID-19 pandemic intra-crisis period allow for early prediction of the negative outcomes associated with the pandemic, such as common mental disorders, and allocating interventions to help people to rationally deal with the stress related to this moment, regulating their emotions, and improving their overall mental health.
Resumen Introducción Las amenazas a la salud mental y el bienestar psicológico se han considerado entre las dimensiones más desafiantes de abordar en la pandemia de COVID-19. Objetivo Rastrear la ocurrencia de síntomas significativos de ansiedad y depresión y el nivel de preocupación entre los residentes en Brasil en junio de 2020. Método La muestra final totalizó 4,805 participantes de todos los estados brasileños. Se utilizó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y de salud (con preguntas relacionadas con el COVID-19), las versiones traducidas del Cuestionario Meta-Preocupación y el Cuestionario de Salud del Paciente de 4 ítems (PHQ-4). Los análisis inferenciales se calcularon utilizando la regresión logística multinomial (backward stepwise) en la que los hallazgos de PHQ-4 se estratificaron en cuatro categorías: sin síntomas, solo síntomas de ansiedad, solo síntomas de depresión y ambos síntomas. Resultados Los hallazgos de la investigación han demostrado que existían características que predecían una mayor exposición a síntomas significativos de ansiedad y depresión (género, edad y nivel de preocupación), siendo el nivel de preocupación la variable de mayor impacto en el modelo. Discusión y conclusión Los datos finales permiten la predicción temprana de los resultados negativos asociados con la pandemia, como los trastornos mentales comunes, y la asignación de intervenciones para ayudar a las personas a enfrentar racionalmente el estrés relacionado con este momento mediante una regulación de sus emociones y un mejoramiento de su salud mental.
ABSTRACT
O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o comportamento suicida em estudantes de psicologia e analisar sua relação com a religiosidade. Participaram 129 estudantes de ambos os sexos com idades entre 17 e 53 anos, de diferentes períodos do curso de psicologia. Os instrumentos utilizados foram um questionário sociodemográfico, o Questionário de Comportamentos Suicidas Revisado (QCS-R) e o Índice de Religiosidade de Duke (DUREL). Os resultados mostraram que em discentes com idades entre 21 e 23 anos, 70,5% afirmaram ter pensado ou tentado se matar, 24% pensaram em se suicidar nos últimos 12 meses, 28,7% comunicaram a intenção suicida a alguém e 11,6% consideraram a possibilidade de se matar em um futuro próximo. Em relação à religiosidade, a dimensão intrínseca apresentou média de 8,28 (DP = 3,96). A hipótese da religiosidade como fator protetivo foi corroborada, visto que aparentou inibir ou reduzir o surgimento de comportamentos de risco ao suicídio.
The present study aimed to assess suicidal behavior in psychology students and to analyze its relationship with religiosity. Method: 129 students of both sexes Participated, aged between 17 and 53 years, from different periods of the psychology course. The instruments used were a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Revised Suicidal Behavior Questionnaire (QCS-R) and the Duke Religiosity Index (DUREL). The results showed that students aged between 21 and 23 years old, 70.5% said they had thought or tried to kill themselves, 24% thought about committing suicide in the last 12 months, 28.7% communicated the suicidal intention to someone and 11.6% considered the possibility of killing His or herself in the near future. Regarding religiosity, the intrinsic dimension showed an average of 8.28 (SD = 3.96). The hypothesis of religiosity as a protective factor was corroborated, since it appeared to inhibit or reduce the appearance of suicide risk behaviors.